Blog Archives

The case for earlier Out-of-Africa

Translation An informative review critical of the ~60kya coastal-Out-of-Africa hypothesis. On the left, the authors’ estimate of the distribution of hominin groups during MIS5. From the paper: Another under-appreciated issue is the anomalous nature of the genetic evidence for a rapid spread of modern humans from Africa to Asia. Echoing the fossil date anomaly, the mtDNA branch lengths for sampled populations are longest for those which are farthest east, in Near Oceania, and shortest in the Asian areas that would have been encountered first (Merriwether et al., 2005; Oppenheimer, 2009). The real problem, however, is that the variation in branch …

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Khoe-San peoples diverged before ‘out-of-Africa’ migration of modern humans

Translation Genetically, culturally and ethically the Khoe-San have something special to add to this world. The largest genomic study ever conducted among Khoe and San groups reveals that these groups from southern Africa are descendants of the earliest diversification event in the history of all humans — some 100,000 years ago, well before the ‘out-of-Africa’ migration of modern humans. Some 220 individuals from different regions in southern Africa participated in the research that led to the analysis of around 2.3 million DNA variants per individual — the biggest ever. The research was conducted by a group of international scientists, including …

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Out-of-Asia and Into-Africa (?)

Ausbreitung der Haplogruppen

TranslationThe publication of version 2 of the Pickrell et al. paper on South Africa is as good an opportunity as any to discuss something anew something that I’ve been hinting at for some time now. First things first: Pickrell et al. find West Eurasian admixture in the Hadza and Sandawe: Both of these are consistent with west Eurasian (either European or, more likely, Arabian), gene ow into these populations. To further examine this, we turned to ROLLOFF. We used Dinka and French as representatives of the mixing populations (since date estimates are robust to improperly speci ed reference populations). The …

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Out of africa ?

TranslationVier grundlegende Beiträge zum Thema: Von Scinexx: Urahnen der Aborigine verließen Afrika zuerst Erste Sequenzierung eines Aborigine-Genoms spricht für mehrere Wanderungswellen des Homo sapiens Die Vorfahren der australischen Ureinwohner verließen Afrika bereits mindestens 24.000 Jahre vor den Urahnen der Europäer und Asiaten. Das schließen Forscher jetzt aus der ersten Sequenzierung des Erbguts eines australischen Aborigine. Der Vergleich mit den Genen von Asiaten, Afrikanern und Europäern zeige, dass die ersten Aborigine-Ahnen bereits vor 62.000 bis 75.000 Jahren aus Afrika auswanderten, berichtet das internationale Wissenschaftlerteam im Fachmagazin “Science”. Moderne Asiaten stammten dagegen von Frühmenschen ab, die erst vor 25 bis 38.000 Jahren …

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Dr. Richard G. Klein – Out of Africa and the Evolution of Human Behavior

Translation The well-established “Out of Africa” model asserts that all living humans are the descendants of Africans who immigrated, well, out of Africa 50,000 years ago. But did the behavioral shift that led to this immigration — and that, indeed, underlies advanced human behavior today — originate culturally and gradually or genetically and abruptly? World renowned anthropologist Dr. Richard Klein explores new and old evidence that sheds light on this challenging and divisive question. ———— Abstract: Twenty-three years ago, a landmark exploration of mitochondrial DNA diversity popularized the idea of a recent African origin for all living humans. The ancestral …

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The Mysterious Affair at Kents Cavern

Translation The twee town of Torquay, on England’s Devon coast, has two major claims to fame: It was the birthplace and longtime home of mystery writer Agatha Christie, and it’s the home of Kents Cavern, one of the United Kingdom’s most important archaeological sites. Last year, researchers reported that an upper jaw found in the cave could be the oldest modern human fossil in Europe. But a new study questions that claim, arguing that the date of the jawbone may never be known with certainty. The controversy has an important bearing on debates about the spread of Homo sapiens out …

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Humanity 2.0

TranslationDienekes points to a David Reich video where he shows his hand as to future possible results to come out of his lab. The short of it is that it seems likely that most agricultural populations exhibit the same dynamic outlined in Reconstructing Indian History. At the least you have an intrusive group admixing with indigenes. At the extreme you have total replacement. The pattern is confirmed for India, Ethiopia, and Southeast Asia. It seems highly likely in Europe. There are other rumored results in East Asia which might shake things up. On a minor note, I do want to …

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New evidence for archaic admixture in African hunter gatherers

TranslationAt the end of last year I predicted that full genome sequencing would begin turning up evidence for more archaic admixture in Africa. Halfway into the year, it appears that my prediction has proven to be correct: a new study in Cell by Lachance et al. documents the existence of such admixture between an archaic hominin and Pygmies from Cameroon, and the East African Hadza and Sandawe. Archaic admixture in Biaka and San was previously detected by Hammer et al. Hence, we now have evidence for archaic admixture from several regions that encompass all major regions within sub-Saharan Africa. It …

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Entire genome of extinct human decoded from fossil

TranslationIn 2010, Svante Pääbo and his colleagues presented a draft version of the genome from a small fragment of a human finger bone discovered in Denisova Cave in southern Siberia. The DNA sequences showed that this individual came from a previously unknown group of extinct humans that have become known as Denisovans. Together with their sister group the Neandertals, Denisovans are the closest extinct relatives of currently living humans. The Leipzig team has now developed sensitive novel techniques which have allowed them to sequence every position in the Denisovan genome about 30 times over, using DNA extracted from less than …

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Rethinking “out Of Africa”

TranslationPaleoanthropologist Christopher Stringer on his Blog: I’m thinking a lot about species concepts as applied to humans, about the “Out of Africa” model, and also looking back into Africa itself. I think the idea that modern humans originated in Africa is still a sound concept. Behaviorally and physically, we began our story there, but I’ve come around to thinking that it wasn’t a simple origin. Twenty years ago, I would have argued that our species evolved in one place, maybe in East Africa or South Africa. There was a period of time in just one place where a small population …

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“Out of africa theory” fehlerbehaftet

journey of mankind

TranslationDie Bradshaw Foundation bietet auf Ihrer Website interaktive Karten zur Out-of-Africa-Theorie an. “The Bradshaw Foundation, in association with Stephen Oppenheimer, presents a virtual global journey of modern man over the last 160,000 years. The map will show for the first time the interaction of migration and climate over this period. We are the descendants of a few small groups of tropical Africans who united in the face of adversity, not only to the point of survival but to the development of a sophisticated social interaction and culture expressed through many forms. Based on a synthesis of the mtDNA and Y …

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